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History of Artificial Intelligence
Page history last edited by Manuel 1 yr ago
Artificial Intelligence can be traced back to Greek mythology because of intelligence artifacts that have been discovered. The myths incorporate intelligent robots and mechanical toys that were actually created. Since then there have been other inventions that have led to the basic premises that form AI. However, the major stepping stones in AI history did not come along until the 20th century. (Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence).
The term Artificial Intelligence was first coined at a conference organized by John McCarthy in 1956. The Dartmouth conference was assembled to gather information and thoughts about the use of machines for intelligence purposes. McCarthy is regarded as the farther of AI because his conference put into motion the events that lead to the development of AI as a respected scientific discovery. There are others along with McCarty who believe that the first AI program is The Logic Theorist which was created by Newell and Simon in 1955. This development is believed to be one of the programs that encouraged McCarty to organize the conference. The program focused on solving problems using a tree model on the computer. These are the earliest stepping stones of AI. (Think Quest Library).
The Dartmouth Conference was the beginning of AI and is responsible for the growth and interest of such a new and promising idea. The conference and the brainstorming from it led to centers and organizations being build that were dedicated to AI research. For example, a lot of substantial research was done at MIT. In 1957 a new program called the General Problem Solver (GPS) was created and tested. The theory behind it was similar to The Logic Theorist because its purpose was to solve common sense problems. After, others began developing more AI technology whose primary capability was problem solving.
The next big inventions for AI came again from McCarty and IBM. In 1958 McCarty developed the LISP language which is still used today. It is the first high-level programming language that is used worldwide especially for AI. McCarty was working for IBM at the time of this technological advancement. After McCarty discovery several papers were published regarding the future plans for AI. Then in 1962 the first industrial robot company was founded. A year later in 1963 MIT received a 2.2 million dollar grant from the United States government solely for AI research. It was a ploy to keep America ahead of the Soviet Union in technology. This money founded a lot of new inventions and advancements in technology. (Think Quest Library).
With all of the new technology and theories that surrounded AI someone was needed to keep this field organized and managed. So, The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) was founded in 1979. AAAI is a scientific society that is devoted to advancing the scientific understanding of the mechanisms underlying thought and intelligent behavior of machines (Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence). This is an organization that helped improve public awareness/understanding of AI and the teaching and training of AI practitioners. This organization along with the personal use of computers made the transition of AI from the laboratories to the public quick and understandable. It created a demand for AI development which pushed researchers to private companies. This led to the employment of hundreds in the new AI market. Technological advancements in the years to follow such as cameras only further fueled the growth of artificial intelligences. Today as technology grows so do the ideas and possibilities for AI in the future.
History of Artificial Intelligence
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